The project is structured in four Work Packages.
Experiments and initial conditions
Objective: To perform quantitative flow measurements characterising the chain of events from in-nozzle flow down to fuel vaporisation. In particular, the following experiments will be performed:
- X-ray tomography of the three-dimensional cavitating flow in a single orifice-type nozzle
- Ballistic imaging of single/chain bubble-collapse induced atomisation
- High-speed visualisation of textural atomisation processes from the cavitating single-orifice type nozzle
- High-speed visualisation of residual air mixing during opening and closing in transparent multi-hole fuel injectors
- Fuel-air evaporation and mixing processes utilising the same fuel injectors
Researchers:
- ESR1: Mr Milad Heidari Koochi (CITY)
- ESR2: Mr Jiayi Zhou (CHALMERS)
- ESR3: Mr Fakhry ABUZAHRA (CNRS-CORIA)
- ESR4: Mr Eduardo Gomez Santos (DELPHI)
DNS on primary/secondary atomisation
Objective: To perform numerical experiments using DNS aiming to derive closure models suitable for implementation to the Σ-Υ LES-PDF model. The following cases will be simulated:- Single/chain bubble-collapse induced atomisation
- Flash evaporation of cryogenic liquids utilised with rocket engine injectors
- Ligament characterisation from air blast atomizers utilised with gas turbines
- Secondary atomisation of non-evaporating droplet clusters and
- Secondary atomisation of evaporating droplet clusters
- ESR5: Mr Nikos Bempedelis (UCL)
- ESR6: Mr Daniel Dias Loureiro (USTUTT)
- ESR7: Mr Anirudh Asuri Mukundan (CNRS-CORIA)
- ESR8: Mr Dionisis Stefanitsis (CERTH)
- ESR9: Mr Stavros Fostiropoulos (CERTH)
Holistic LES model development
Objective: To develop/extend the Σ-Υ LES-PDF approach to include surface area generation/destruction closure models accounting for in-nozzle cavitation and turbulence effects on primary atomisation.
Researchers:
- ESR10: Mr Aqeel Ahmed (CNRS)
- ESR11: Ms Georgia Nykteri (CITY)
- ESR12: Mr Giovanni Tretola (IMPERIAL)
- ESR13: Mr Marco Fistler (CHALMERS)
- ESR14: Mr Surya Peravali (CITY)
- ESR15: Mr Yasir Nazeer (MHPS)
Industrial applications
Objective: To validate and apply the developed model to cases of industrial interest; these will include:
- Diesel injectors,
- Air-blast atomisers
- Orifice-type injectors utilised with cryogenic fluids for rocket engines,
- Orifice-type nozzles utilised with oil burners
Researchers:
- All ESRs